The table below shows a comparison of the same substance in three different states. A single particle does not have the properties of the material it is part of. The properties of a substance are the ...

Solids, liquids and gases. In a solid like this brick, the particles are regularly arranged touching their neighbours and move only by vibrating. This explains why solids have a fixed shape. In a ...

The Standard Model fits the quantum world beautifully, but it can't explain gravity, dark matter or dark energy High energy particle accelerators should reveal new particles that will fill some gaps ...

The Standard Model of particle physics is a triumph of science. It’s a collection of 17 particles, and four forces. Physicists like to call it “elegant” but to the untrained eye, it looks anything but ...

At the smallest scales, everything in the universe can be broken down into fundamental morsels called particles. The Standard Model of particle physics—the reigning theory of these morsels—describes a ...

We’ve created a new way to explore the fundamental constituents of the universe. [Editor’s note: The full, interactive map is available below.] All of nature springs from a handful of components — the ...

What is our Universe made out of? At a fundamental level, to the best of our knowledge, the answer is simple: particles and fields. The type of matter that makes up humans, Earth, and all the stars, ...

Introduction Have you ever heard the expression, "solid as a rock"? As it turns out, rocks are not entirely solid. Rocks actually have tiny pockets of air inside them. This is obvious when you look at ...