Researchers in Korea have reported that butyrate from commensal gut bacteria can enhance T follicular helper cell function, ...

Scientists at the University of Bonn, together with colleagues from the USA and Japan, have shed light on an important immune mechanism. Their work shows how the body provides the important killer ...

Northwestern Medicine scientists have identified the cellular mechanisms that cause immune cells to differentiate and ...

Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, allergic inflammation and host defence mechanisms. T helper 9 (TH9) cells, a specialised ...

Researchers at the Medical University of Vienna have taken a closer look at a previously largely unknown component of the immune system: the protein molecule TRAT1 (T Cell Receptor Associated ...

For the first time, researchers at the University of British Columbia have demonstrated how to reliably produce an important type of human immune cell known as helper T cells—from stem cells in a ...

The brain and spinal cord were once thought to enjoy immune privilege, meaning they were believed to be largely insulated from immune activity elsewhere in the body. In recent years, however, ...

During infections, the immune system needs to distinguish foreign molecules from invading bacteria and viruses from molecules that are made by cells of the body. If it can’t, the immune system can ...

There are two types of Tph cells in rheumatoid arthritis joints that have different roles. Stem-like Tph cells live inside immune “hubs” called tertiary lymphoid structures, where they interact ...