The table below provides the sizes and performances of HQC. Sizes are given for the keypair (ek, dk), ciphertext c and shared key K. Performances are reported for an implementation using AVX2 …

Apr 10, 2024 · Moreover measurements (of first paper) show that the TLS 1.3 handshake with HQC at security level 1 takes 1.45 the time of the classical handshake with x25519 (ECDHE) which is close …

Mar 11, 2025 · While Kyber-512 has a public key of 800 bytes, HQC128 uses a 2,249-byte public key. With the private key, Kyber512 has a key size of 1,632 bytes, and Bike128 has a public key of 2,289 …

Level 1 (L1) associated with AES-128, stipulates 128 bits of security against classical attacks. However, against quantum attacks, the level of security drops to 64 bits.

Apr 30, 2023 · HQC Algorithm type: Key encapsulation mechanism. Main cryptographic assumption: Syndrome decoding of structure codes (Hamming Quasi-Cyclic).

Nov 17, 2025 · Following the same principles as ML-KEM, the HQC key encapsulation design starts from a public key encryption scheme and applies the Fujisaki–Okamoto transform [5]. Similar to …

May 12, 2025 · Large Key and Ciphertext size: Compared to BIKE, HQC’s encapsulation keys sizes are larger, which can increase communication overhead. The encapsulation keys of HQC are about 41 …

The report summarizes each of the candidate algorithms and identifies those selected for standardization. The only key-establishment algorithm that will be standardized is HQC, and NIST …

Nov 4, 2023 · With the public key, Kyber512 has a key size of 1,632 bytes, and Bike128 has a public key of 3,114 bytes. The ciphertext for Kyber512 is 768 bytes, and in Bike128 it is 1,573 bytes.

Mar 11, 2025 · This technical document is intended as a reference for educational implementations that demonstrate practical security concepts, with a focus on post-quantum cryptography (PQC) and …