Vigorous eyewall lightning activity was observed a few hours after Nicholas was designated as a hurricane. The thunderstorms in the eyewall produced rarely observed lightning, called transient …

The frequencies found would not be incompatible with the possibility that many or even most lightning strokes to ground generate ball lightning; however, it would be rash indeed to leap to such a …

very unusual (and rare) powerful lightning strike. We formulate our proposal in Sect. V where we identify these rare nusual lightning flashes with AUGER exotic events. In particular, we argue that …

Local and statistical maps of lightning-generated wave power density estimated at the Van Allen Probes footprints from the World-Wide Lightning Location Network database.

Since then, a variety of TLEs have been uncovered, with the attendant question of exactly what lightning or charge distributions give rise to these (relatively) rare events.

Using video cameras, 3-D lightning mappers and extremely low frequency (ELF) radio receivers deployed around the globe, scientists are gradually unraveling the nature of the giant lightning …

Research and design have created aircraft that withstand average lightning strikes. Ball lightning (BL), a metastable, rare lightning type, is also observed from (and within) aircraft.